Phytochemicals source of antioxidants and role in disease. Phytochemicals bioactivities and impact on health intechopen. Medicinal plants are traditionally used all over the world. In addition, phytochemicals also include poisonous and toxic chemicals found in plants. Zhang 54 identified extracts and constituents from 85 individual medicinal plants that have demonstrated potential efficacy for treating psychiatric disorders on. Parts of medicinal plants were extracted with acetone 50%.
Indoles, isothiocyanates, and sulforaphane from vegetables, such as broccoli, alylic. Extraction methods, basic structures and mode of action as potential chemotherapeutic agents james hamuel doughari department of microbiology, sch ool of pure and applied sciences, federal university of technology, yola nigeria 1. Extraction methods, basic structures and mode of action as potential chemotherapeutic agents 5 strophanthidin from strophanthus, digitoxin from digitalis, barbaloin from aloes, salicin from salix, cantharidin from cantharides, and prunasin from prunus. These phytochemicals are derived from various parts of plants such as leaves, flowers, seeds, barks, roots and pulps. Approximately 80% of the world inhabitants depend on the medicinal plants in the form of traditional formulations for their primary health care system well as in the treatment of a number of diseases since the ancient time. Cancer is one of the major obstacles to human health around the world.
Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step, in the detection of the bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and subsequently may lead to drug discovery and development. These phytochemicals are used as sources of direct medicinal agents. The medicinal value of these plants lies in some chemical substances that produce a definite physiological action on the human body edeoga et al. Phytochemistry of medicinal plants pharmacognosy journal. Medicinal plants are a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals or bionutrients. In nigeria the plant is used to make a popular beverage known as zobo drink.
Let us consider some of these sources of medicinal folklore. The biologically active compounds present in plants are called phytochemicals. Pdf phytochemical analysis of some important medicinal plants. Pdf phytochemical screening of some medicinal plants of. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants occurring in local area of mardan abdul wadood 1, mehreen ghufran, syed babar jamal, muhammad naeem, ajmal khan 2, rukhsana ghaffar3. The study is very important, in that it intended to show the contents of the studied medicinal herbs and. Those studying phytochemistry strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolic compounds found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds. Clove was obtained from medicinal plants market of sao paulo city. After centuries of empirical use of herbal preparation, the first. The therapeutic potential of plants has been well explored over a very long time period.
Table 1 gives a list of medicinal plants analysed along with parts used and medicinal uses. This book mainly focuses on medicinal plants and the diseasepreventing properties of phytochemicals, which will be a useful resource to the reader. For instance, vitamins a, c, e, and phenolic compounds such as. Christophe wiart pharmd, phd, in lead compounds from medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer, 20.
The final two chapters include the impact of agricultural practices and novel processing technologies on the accumulation of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables. Chemistry jkuat a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of master of science chemistry in the school of pure and applied. The quantitative determination of crude phytochemicals alkaloids, total phenols, flavonoids and saponins vitamins riboflavin, vitamin c, niacin and pectin and protein were determined in the aforementioned herbs. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants occurring in local. This book looks at bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, the health benefits of bioactive compounds, the applications of plantbased products in the food and. In the present study, chief phytoconstituents of the six selected medicinal plants of. In this study, 11 medicinal plants were analysed for their proximate composition and antioxidant activity.
In the second edition worldrenowned ethnobotanist james a. Sep 22, 2017 plants are able to produce a large number of diverse bioactive compounds. Neviton rogerio s, diogenes gc, michelle ss, celso vn and benedito pdf. It facilitates the user to search selecting plant name. Phytochemicals, medicinal plants, momordica charantia, punica. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants occurring in. High concentrations of phytochemicals, which may protect against free radical damage, accumulate in fruits and vegetables. The proximate compositions of different medicinal plants are presented in tables 2 and 3. Phytochemical analysis and medicinal uses of hibiscus. Phytochemicals found in medicinal herbs or plants list. Phytochemicals are nonnutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants and have diverse protective properties. Estimation of phytochemical content and antioxidant activity.
In addition, such tissue culture systems could also prove useful for largescale biotechnological production of medicinal plant phytochemicals. Plants containing beneficial phytochemicals may supplement the needs of the human body by acting as natural antioxidants. They can occur in vegetables, grains, legumes, beans, fruits, herbs, nuts, roots, leaves and seeds. Structured compilation of phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants can facilitate prospection for novel pdms and their analogs as therapeutic agents. Phytochemical analysis of traditional medicinal plants and. Safety efficacy and action mechanisms pdf author bashar saad isbn b072fcnpvk file size 5. Abstract the phytochemical analyses, nutrient value and economic importance of hibiscus sabdariffa commonly known as zobo plant was carried out. Phytochemical constituents of some nigerian medicinal plants. Phytochemistry is the study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants. Antidiabetes and antiobesity medicinal plants and phytochemicals. Pdf application of plant cell and tissue culture for the. Phytochemicals are compounds that give plants their color, flavor, and smell.
Medicinal plants, ethnomedicine, phytochemical constituents. Plants are able to produce a large number of diverse bioactive compounds. Pdf phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants. The phytochemicals including alkaloids, total phenols. Phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plant cinnamon. Phytochemical importance of medicinal plants as potential. Medicinal plants are of great importance to the health of individuals and communities. Scope, applications and potential health claims explores the importance of medicinal plants and their potential benefits for human health. Dec 06, 20 the maps medicinal plants activities, phytochemicals and structural database provides useful information about not only included in different databasesliterature but also pakistans medicinal plants missed in them, helping researchers working on drug discovery from natural resources. These compounds are thought to be largely responsible for the medicinal properties and health benefits of medicinal herbs. The studied plants showed variable amounts of phytochemicals, vitamins and protein contents. Phytochemical analysis of traditional medicinal plants and their. Pdf medicinal plants are a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals or bionutrients. General techniques involved in phytochemical analysis.
Phytochemical is a term that refers to a variety of plantderived compounds with therapeutic activities such as anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties mcguire, 2011. Pdf the present study deals with the phytochemical screening of available parts mainly leaves and stem of twelve medicinal plants of four. Studies carried out during the past 23 decades have shown that. View phytochemical screening of medicinal plants research papers on academia. Herbal extracts and phytochemicals oxford academic journals. Introduction medicinal plants have been the mainstay of traditional herbal medicine amongst rural. Phytochemical screening of medicinal plants research papers. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants are receiving ever greater attention in the scientific literature, in medicine, and in the world economy in general. Introduction medicinal plants are of great importance to the health of individuals and communities. Phytochemicals screening and evaluation of antioxidants and. Analysis of proximate, micronutrients and determination of phytochemicals in selected medicinal plants in mbitahomabay county john owuor oyugi i56ce219222012 bsc. The moisture content of the plant samples was found to. Still considered the definitive work on medicinal herbs and their uses after two decades the handbook of medicinal herbs has undergone a longanticipated revision.
Duke provides uptodate data on over 800 of the worlds most important medicinal plant species. Pdf phytochemistry of medicinal plants researchgate. Handbook of medicinal herbs pdf free pdf epub medical books. Cell proliferation introduction phytochemicals, also known as phytonutrients, are natural nonessential chemical compounds found in plants phyto is a greek word meaning plant. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, a pradeep and others published phytochemical analysis of some important medicinal plants find, read and cite all the. Phytochemical analysis and medicinal uses of hibiscus sabdariffa. Various studies have shown that many plants are rich source of antioxidants. Most phytochemicals like carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols have antimicrobial activity and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens. Phytochemicals defined in the strictest sense, as chemicals produced by plants. The application of molecular approaches with medicinal plants would also benefit from the development of cell, tissue, and organ culture systems for in vitro growth and regeneration of medicinal plants.
The journey of medicinal plant research an assessment of the previous trends and impact of research into the phytochemistry on medicinal plants of the world is quite desirable before considering recent trends. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of medicinal plants. Introduction cinnamon cinnamomum zylenicum is commonly used in the food industry because of its special aroma. Phytochemical screening of medicinal plants research. The presences of phytochemicals, antibacterial and antioxidant activities were investigated. Extracts of medicinal plants syzygium aromaticum, mentha piperita, cinnamomum verum, pimpinella anisum and zingiber purpurea were investigated for their biological activity.
The result of the phytochemical analysis shows that the ten plants are rich in at least one of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugars and phlobatannins. The vast array of therapeutic effects associated with medicinal plants includes antiinflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antimalarial, and analgesic. Studies carried out during the past 23 decades have shown that these phytochemicals have an important role in preventing chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes and coronary heart disease. Important medicinal phytochemicals such as terpenoids, reducing sugar, flavonoids, alkaloids and phlobatannins were present in the samples. Pdf four medicinal plants including ranunculus arvensis, equisetum ravens, carathamus lanatus and fagonia critica were used for the study. Isbn 9789533074245, pdf isbn 9789535151944, published 20111222. The medicinal value of these plants lies in some chemical substances that produce a definite physiological action on the human body. Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for five plant species and found that extract contains a variety of. Phytochemical importance of medicinal plants as potential sources of anticancer agents himani raina1, garima soni1, nupur jauhari1, neelam sharma2, navneeta bharadvaja1, 1department of biotechnology, delhi technological university, delhi, india 2tissue culture and cryopreservation unit, national bureau of plant genetic resources, new delhi, india. Antiviral effect of phytochemicals from medicinal plants. Plantderived molecules pdms are known to be a rich source of diverse scaffolds that could serve as the basis for rational drug design. Eating lots of plant foods rich in phytochemicals may help to prevent at least one in every five cases of cancer, as well as other serious ailments such as heart disease. History of phytochemicals phytochemicals exist as long as plants exist but we only know about hundred years about their existence.